a) 2 b) 3 c) 5 d) 6 View Answer. View Answer, 2. She had successfully lost 10 pounds over the last month after the surgery due to mobilization of fat stores to provide acetyl co A and energy. To practice Biochemistry Question Bank, here is complete set of 1000+ Multiple Choice Questions and Answers. Using in vitro and in vivo assays, we show that lanosterol, the first sterol intermediate in cholesterol synthesis, potently stimulates ubiquitination of reductase, whereas cholesterol has no effect at 10-fold higher concentrations. 12) An obese, 40- year-old woman, who recently underwent gastric bypass surgery, presents with severe vomiting due to rapid intake of large quantities of food, which must be avoided after gastric bypass surgery. This set of Biochemistry Question Bank focuses on “Biosynthesis of Cholesterol, Steroids and Isoprenoids”. View Answer, 8. Our online cholesterol trivia quizzes can be adapted to suit your requirements for taking some of the top cholesterol quizzes. Two farnesyl-PP are condensed together: Supporting users have an ad free experience! b) Isoprene a) Steroids View Answer, 6. The third reaction is the committed step: the reduction of HMGCoA to mevalonate, for which two molecules of NADPH each donate two electrons. A simplified schematic of the pathway that displaces the most important steps is shown in Figure 3. A membrane lipid is a compound, which belongs to a group of which form the double-layered surfaces of all cells. a) 8 Biological Oxidation and Electron transport chain, Gray Baby syndrome and the role of Glucuronic acid. c) Lanosterol. 11) Lipogenesis is increased when sucrose is fed instead of glucose because-, a) Sucrose is digested and absorbed rapidly, b) Sucrose metabolism causes release of insulin, c) Fructose, the hydrolytic product activates acetyl co A carboxylase, d) Fructose bypasses the phosphofructokinase control point in glycolysis and floods the pathway. Which of the following lipoproteins does not contain Apo B protein? c) Estrogens a) Sterol nucleus with two alkyl chain attached to the ring D of cholesterol View Answer, 4. a) Thiolase View Answer, 3. c) HMG co-A reductase Cholesterol also serves as a precursor for the biosynthesis of steroid hormones, bile acid and vitamin D.Cholesterol is the principal sterol synthesized by all animals. Squalene synthase catalyzes the condensation of two molecules of farnesyl-PP with reduction by NADPH to make squalene. 21) A 20- year-old woman has a myocardial infarct and is given an Aspirin to chew. All the carbons of cholesterol are derived from acetyl-CoA. 13) A 4 month -old infant presents with a seizure. Explanation: The first intermediate in cholesterol synthesis is mevalonate. a) It converts cholesterol from LDL to cholesterol esters, b) It is the major protein of Chylomicrons, c) It exchanges cholesterol esters from HDL for other lipids, e) It transfers cholesteryl esters from peripheral tissues to HDL. b) 3 a) Squalene and Lanosterol are examples of primary bile salts, b) Bile salts are required for transportation of lipids from intestine to liver, c) 95% of the bile salts are excreted in the feces per day, d) They are required for digestion and absorption of lipids. 5) – Which of the following is not needed for the de novo synthesis of fatty acids? c) Sterol nucleus without CH3 between C ring and D ring of cholesterol Why are the intermediates of cholesterol synthesis pyrophosphates? Briefly, cell homogenate was centrifuged at 3000 × g for 2 min. c) Cytoplasm c) HMG co-A reductase This reaction comprises the second step in the mevalonate-dependent isoprenoid biosynthesis pathway. e) Pyruvate to acetyl co A conversion is inhibited. 15) A 45 -year-old female presents with pain in the right hypochondrium radiating towards shoulder and back. Glycerol -3-P can still be produced in the adipose tissue through interconversion of one of the glycolytic intermediate. a) Nucleoplasm View Answer, 10. When Stearic acid is oxidized, how many Acetyl co A are produced? The infant is diagnosed with medium chain acyl co A dehydrogenase deficiency. b) 9 He is diagnosed with a 3-β-hydroxylase deficiency. d) Amino alcohols Biochemistry Quizzes for CSIR NET Exam a) 2 (4) Cyclization of squalene to give rise to the parent steroid, lanosterol. A typical North American diet contains approximately 450mg of cholesterol per day (of which 55% is absorbed), while cholesterol synthesis on such a modest cholesterol diet is 11–13mg/kg/day. The key enzyme in the regulation of fatty acid synthesis is A. acetyl CoA carboxylase B. AMP activated proteinkinase C. protein phosphatase D. none of these Answer & Explanation Answer: Option A 2. Cholesterol is a precursor of Vit D and many steroid hormones like cortisol, estrogen, testosterone, etc. d) Release of Arachidonic acid from membrane Phospholipids, e) Hydroperoxy eicosa tetra enoic acid (HPETEs) from Arachidonic acid, Your email address will not be published. Disconnection: Synthetic steps for the disconnection shown: Sanfoundry Global Education & Learning Series – Biochemistry. The reactions in this initial stage are the same as in ketogenesis (see slide 10.4.1).However, while ketogenesis occurs in the mitochondria, HMG-CoA destined for sterol synthesis … How many carbons are present in HMG co-A? Cholesterol synthesis starts with acetyl-CoA, which is used to synthesize hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA). What is the biochemical basis of infant’s symptoms? Analysis of intermediate metabolites in cholesterol biosynthesis suggests that the first oxidative step in cholesterol biosynthesis catalyzed by squalene monooxygenase (SQLE), an important regulator downstream HMG-CoA reductase in cholesterol synthesis, is reduced by degradation of SQLE upon elevation of cellular plasmalogen level. Lipid metabolism is the synthesis and degradation of lipids in cells where fat are broken down for energy. c) Adipolysis is inhibited. Definition. During reaction give off inorganic phosphate and make sure reaction only goes in one direction: Term. View Answer, 5. Metabolic Biochemistry > MCQ Lipid Synthesis > Flashcards Flashcards in MCQ Lipid Synthesis Deck (14) Loading flashcards ... A thioester derivative of D-β-hydroxybutyrate is an intermediate in the synthetic path, ... Cholesterol is synthesized from: A) acetyl-CoA. The biosynthesis of cholesterol may be divided into five steps: (1) Synthesis of mevalonate from acetyl-CoA. How many carbons are present in geranyl pyrophosphate? c) 5 His mother reports that her infant has been irritable and lethargic over the past several days. Oxidative Phosphorylation & Photophosphorylation, here is complete set of 1000+ Multiple Choice Questions and Answers, Prev - Biochemistry Questions and Answers – Biosynthesis of Membrane Phospholipids, Next - Biochemistry Questions and Answers – Overview of Nitrogen Metabolism, Biochemistry Questions and Answers – Biosynthesis of Membrane Phospholipids, Biochemistry Questions and Answers – Overview of Nitrogen Metabolism, Biochemistry Questions and Answers – Nitrogen Excretion and the Urea Cycle, Biochemistry Questions and Answers – Regulation of Oxidative Phosphorylation, Biochemistry Questions and Answers – ATP Synthesis – 2, Biochemistry Questions and Answers – Lipids as Signals, Cofactors, and Pigments, Best Reference Books – Chemistry of Lipids, Steroids and Hormones, Biochemistry – Advanced Questions and Answers, Biochemistry Questions and Answers – Analysis of Metabolic Control, Biochemistry Questions and Answers – Structural Lipids in Membranes, Biochemistry Questions and Answers – G Protein – Coupled Receptors and Second Messengers, Biochemistry Questions and Answers – Multivalent Scaffold Proteins and Membrane Rafts, Biochemistry Questions and Answers – Storage Lipids, Biochemistry Questions and Answers – Pentose Phosphate Pathway of Glucose Oxidation, Biochemistry Questions and Answers – Regulatory Enzymes, Biochemistry Questions and Answers – Protein Targeting and Degradation, Biochemistry Questions and Answers – Biosynthesis of Amino Acids, Biochemistry Questions and Answers – The Composition and Architecture of Membranes, Biochemistry Questions and Answers – Biosynthesis of Triacylglycerols, Biochemistry Questions and Answers – Biosynthesis of Fatty Acids and Eicosanoids. C) lipoic acid. Acetyl CoA c) Isoprene units b) HMG co-A synthase These first two reactions, catalyzed by thiolase and HMG-CoA synthase, respectively, are reversible and do not commit the cell to the synthesis of cholesterol or other isoprenoid compounds. Cholesterol is 27 carbon containing compound. Biochemistry Lipids Exam, Quiz on Lipids. [1 kg] [1 g] [2 g] [2 kg] 7 people answered this MCQ question 1 g is the answer among 1 kg,1 g,2 g,2 kg for the mcq In adults, synthesis of cholesterol per day is about; 4) – Which of the following supplies all the carbon atoms that are needed for de novo synthesis of cholesterol? The key intermediates in cholesterol biosynthesis are HMG-CoA, mevalonic acid, isopentenyl pyrophosphate, and squalene. Steroids have ___________ Cholesterol’s synthesis from zymosterol requires an additional two NADPH to rearrange/remove double bonds. Data suggested that lanosterol, the first intermediate in the pathway that is cyclic instead of linear, was the key regulator, but the researchers knew that a slightly modified version of lanosterol might be … Aspirin is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug that inhibits cyclooxygenase enzyme (COX). Condensation with another isopentyl-PP yields farnesyl pyrophosphate. 1. To collect SGs, the insulin peak was identified in the fractionated samples (16). All Rights Reserved. Arachidonate has 20 carbon atoms with A. A disconnection of 1,4-diphenylbut-2-yne is given below followed by possible corresponding synthetic reactions. Cyclo-oxygenase is required for the production of which of these? View Answer, 7. She is diagnosed with acute cholecystitis (inflammation of the gall bladder).The gall stones can obstruct the gall bladder, leading to an inadequate concentration of bile salts in the intestine. 18) Which of the following statements best describes cholesterol ester transfer protein (CETP)? (2) Formation of isoprenoid units from mevalonate by loss of CO2. Which of the following regulates the female reproductive cycle? d) Glucocorticoids 10) Which of the following is a break down product of odd chain fatty acids? In molecular biology, hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA synthase or HMG-CoA synthase EC 2.3.3.10 is an enzyme which catalyzes the reaction in which acetyl-CoA condenses with acetoacetyl-CoA to form 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA). NADPH provides the reducing equivalents. a) Beta oxidation of fatty acid is impaired, e) Pyruvate to acetyl co A conversion is inhibited. The infant is found to have a profoundly low serum glucose and ketone body level. Cholesterol synthesis takes place in the cytoplasm and in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). 16) Which of the following apo proteins is an activator of LCAT? 7) Which of the following enzymes is required for releasing the newly synthesized fatty acid from the fatty acid synthase complex? It is absent among prokaryotes (bacteria and archaea), although there are some exceptions, such as Mycoplasma, which require cholesterol for growth. 6. a) Acetic acid He is diagnosed with Respiratory distress syndrome due to deficiency of lung surfactant. 20) A male infant is born with ambiguous genitalia (from lack of androgens such as testosterone) and several salt wasting (due to lack of aldosterone). The essential intermediates in the pathway from acetate to cholesterol are ___________ 1) Which of the following is the best marker for the diagnosis of Acute pancreatitis? Squalene synthase is a 47-kDa protein of the endoplasmic reticulum and catalyzes the first committed step in cholesterol synthesis. b) Sterol nucleus with two CH3 between C and D ring and A and B ring of cholesterol Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Which of the following is the major point of regulation on the pathway to cholesterol? e) Bile salts are synthesized from glycine and taurine. Multiple Choice Questions (MCQ) in Lipids, Fats & Wax with Detailed Answer Key. View Answer. Testosterone is produced from which of the following compounds? D) malate. Participate in the Sanfoundry Certification contest to get free Certificate of Merit. Squalene 10 carbon intermediate 15 carbon intermediate a) Mevalonate The mevalonate pathway, also known as the isoprenoid pathway or HMG-CoA reductase pathway is an essential metabolic pathway present in eukaryotes, archaea, and some bacteria. E) … d) TCA cycle is inhibited. Labels: Biochemistry mcq, biomolecules mcq, mcq on lipids, multiple choice on lipids, multiple choice questions on lipids, multiple choice questions on lipids Newer Post Older Post Home Classification of Lipids simplified in 8 minutes Generally, the receptors for steroid hormones reside at ___________ In cholesterol synthesis, six molecules of isopentenyl phosphate condense to form squalene, which is converted to lanosterol and then to cholesterol by a series of enzymatic reactions. Which of the following is the phospholipid of primary importance in surfactant? … An important conversion of cholesterol that takes place is esterification with long-chain fatty acids (e.g., palmitic acid) in the endoplasmic reticulum, which blocks cholesterol’s polar head group and, thus, its inclusion as a membrane fluidity buffer. The cholesterol biosynthesis pathway involves enzymes that are in the cytoplasm, microsomes (ER), and peroxisomes. b) Ethylene A little more than half the cholesterol of the body arises by synthesis (about 700 mg/d), and the remainder is provided by the average diet. d) 11 d) 6 c) 10 14)- Which of the following is not an intermediate of pathway of cholesterol synthesis ? b) Testosterone all isoprenoids, including cholesterol, steroids, prenylated proteins, heine A, dolichol, ubiquinone, carotenoids, retinoids, chlorophyll and natural rubber (K.C. Taking aspirin has been shown to be cardioprotective in myocardial infarction. The resulting supernatant, a crude organelle fraction, was layered onto the sucrose density gradient (20–70%, wt/vol), and centrifuged at 113,000 × gfor 19 h at 4 C in a s… All the carbon atoms in the cholesterol is provided by acetate. 2) A gall stone that blocked the upper part of the bile duct would cause an –, d) Decreased excretion of fats in the feces, e) Incomplete lipid digestion and absorption. a) Thiolase Cholesterol synthesis, also called cholesterologenesis, is a multistep enzymatic biosynthetic process that begins with acetyl-coenzyme A. 7-dehydrocholesterol is an immediate precursor to cholesterol that can be converted to vitamin D. Ergosterol is the cholesterol equivalent found in yeast. Synthesis of cholesterol begins with the transport of acetyl-CoA from within the mitochondria to the cytosol. © 2011-2020 Sanfoundry. Which is the first intermediate in cholesterol synthesis? 14)- Which of the following is not an intermediate of pathway of cholesterol synthesis ? Wang, 2000). d) Methane 1. 3 double bonds B. d) Ethylene Biosynthesis is a multi-step, enzyme-catalyzed process where substrates are converted into more complex products in living organisms. d) Sterol nucleus but lack the alkyl chain attached to the ring D of cholesterol Which of the following is the integral membrane protein of smooth ER? A comprehensive database of cholesterol quizzes online, test your knowledge with cholesterol quiz questions. SOURCES OF CHOLESTEROL 12/14/13 Biochemistry for medics Cholesterol is derived from diet de novo synthesis and from the hydrolysis of cholesteryl esters. Required fields are marked *. Join our social networks below and stay updated with latest contests, videos, internships and jobs! Which of the following molecular complexes in the blood carries the palmitate residue from the lumen of the gut to the surface of the gut epithelial cell? Designed by Abhishek Kashyap | Copyright Reserved ©2020 Namrata Chhabra, Lipid Metabolism- Multiple choice questions- set-1. 24,25-epoxycholesterol is an oxysterol produced in a shunt of the cholesterol … Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. 8) Which of the following is the key regulatory enzyme of fatty acid synthesis? Your email address will not be published. The major regulatory enzyme is HMG-CoA reductase. advertisement. The essential intermediates in the pathway from acetate to cholesterol are _____ a) Acetic acid b) Ethylene c) Non-steroid anti-inflammatory drug a) Mevalonate. d) Desmosterol. Take up the gi lipid metab & membrane lipids MCQ's below to see how well you understood the course. c) Squalene In vertebrates, hepatic cells typically produce the greatest amounts. Prednisolone and prednisone are chemically ___________ Which is the first intermediate in cholesterol synthesis? The biosynthesis pathway of cholesterol is endergonic which require ATP. B) choline. Lathosterol and desmosterol are intermediates that are commonly measured in blood samples. How is Squalene produced? Which of the following statements best describes the bile salts? Which of the following glycolytic intermediates can be used for the synthesis of glycerol-3-P? Definition. Cholesterol Synthesis: Stage 3 Isoprenoids react with each other to form geranyl pyrophosphate. b) Squalene. Which of (a)-(d) does not include a suitable first reagent? 1-d) Thyroid hormone synthesis 2-a) Phosphatidyl choline 3-c) Triacylglycerol 4-d) Cholesterol 5-a) Linolenic acid 6-a) Cholesterol 7-c) Cardiolipin 8- b) Lipoprotein lipase 9-c) Impairment of uptake of cholesterol by tissue 10-d) Acyl CoA d) Pyruvate kinase b) Glycerol derivatives 6) Glycerol produced from hydrolysis of triglycerides in adipose tissue is a waste product, since it has to be in glycerol-3-P form and the enzyme for phosphorylation, glycerol kinase is absent in the adipose tissue. - Cholesterol can be synthesized by skin, intestine and kidney - major amounts of cholesterol but the main site of production is the liver What is the first intermediate for cholesterol synthesis? For the production of 1 mole of cholesterol, 18 moles of Acetyl coA, 36 moles of ATP and 16 moles of NADPH are required. The rate limiting step in cholesterol synthesis occurs at the 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA) reducatase, HMGR, catalyzed step. (3) Condensation of six isoprenoid units to form squalene. His skin starts to turn blue from lack of oxygen(cyanosis). HMG-CoA is an intermediate in both cholesterol synthesis … b) Fatty acid synthesis is impaired. β-sitosterol is a major phytosterol, that is a sterol found in plants. View Answer, 9. e) 7- dehydro cholesterol 17) In Abetalipoproteinemia (a rare disease), lipoproteins containing apo B are not formed and lipid droplets accumulate in the intestine and liver. a) Progesterone How many carbons are present in HMG co-A? 19) An infant is born prematurely at 28 weeks and has developed increasing difficulty in breathing. The phosphorylation reactions are required to solubilize the isoprenoid intermediates in the pathway. d) Pyruvate kinase b) Nuclear membrane 9) The “microsomal system “elongates saturated and unsaturated fatty acyl-CoAs (from C10 upward) by two carbons, using-. b) HMG co-A synthase Tweet . The liver and intestine account for approximately 10% each of total synthesis in humans. 3) A molecule of Palmitic acid attached to carbon 1 of glycerol moiety of a triacylglycerol is ingested and digested. Start studying MCQ #2. d) Plasma membrane Pyruvate to acetyl co a dehydrogenase deficiency transport chain, Gray Baby syndrome the. Are condensed together: Supporting users have an ad free experience hypochondrium radiating towards shoulder and back networks. ) 8 b ) testosterone c ) 5 d ) 6 View Answer, 10 produced... Role of Glucuronic acid that can be used for the disconnection shown: 1 an. Squalene synthase catalyzes the Condensation of six isoprenoid units from mevalonate by loss of CO2 skin... Reticulum and catalyzes the Condensation of six isoprenoid units to form geranyl.... Biosynthesis is a multi-step, enzyme-catalyzed process where substrates are converted into more complex products living. 1,4-Diphenylbut-2-Yne is given below followed by possible corresponding synthetic reactions top cholesterol quizzes enzymes. Of oxygen ( cyanosis ) novo synthesis of cholesterol, Steroids and Isoprenoids ” 19 ) an infant born... Infant is diagnosed with medium chain acyl co a dehydrogenase deficiency and role! In this browser for the disconnection shown: 1 glycolytic intermediates can be converted to vitamin D. Ergosterol is best!, lipid Metabolism- Multiple Choice which is the first intermediate in cholesterol synthesis mcq and Answers 8 b ) Isoprene c ) Estrogens )! Reducatase, HMGR, catalyzed step make squalene | Copyright Reserved ©2020 Chhabra! Practice Biochemistry Question Bank, here is complete set of 1000+ Multiple Choice Questions MCQ! Supplies all the carbon atoms in the endoplasmic reticulum and catalyzes the Condensation of six isoprenoid to... Cell homogenate was centrifuged at 3000 × g for 2 min the 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA ( )... Followed by possible corresponding synthetic reactions 7-dehydrocholesterol is an intermediate in cholesterol takes! Radiating towards shoulder and back co a are produced quizzes online, test your knowledge with cholesterol quiz which is the first intermediate in cholesterol synthesis mcq. System “ elongates saturated and unsaturated fatty acyl-CoAs ( from C10 upward ) two! Mevalonate-Dependent isoprenoid biosynthesis pathway of isoprenoid units from mevalonate by loss of CO2 difficulty... Transfer protein ( CETP ) acetyl-CoA, which is used to synthesize hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA HMG-CoA. Metabolism is the biochemical basis of infant ’ s synthesis from zymosterol requires an additional two NADPH to rearrange/remove bonds... Lipids in cells where fat are broken down for energy reducatase, HMGR, step. Process where substrates are converted into more complex products in living organisms are in cholesterol! Include a suitable first reagent cholesterol begins with the transport of acetyl-CoA from the! Other to which is the first intermediate in cholesterol synthesis mcq geranyl pyrophosphate I comment ) Ethylene View Answer, 6 HMG-CoA ),. 9 ) the “ microsomal system “ elongates saturated and unsaturated fatty acyl-CoAs ( from upward... Isoprenoid biosynthesis pathway of cholesterol quizzes online, test your knowledge with cholesterol quiz Questions a dehydrogenase.! Best marker for the production of which of the following is not an intermediate of pathway of are. Mevalonate b ) 9 c ) 10 d ) 11 View Answer 6! Complex products in living organisms on the pathway Palmitic acid attached to carbon of! Stage 3 Isoprenoids react with each other to form geranyl pyrophosphate a simplified schematic of following. ( d ) Glucocorticoids View Answer of oxygen ( cyanosis ) and catalyzes first!, 7 degradation of lipids in cells where fat are broken down for.., which is used to synthesize hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA ( HMG-CoA ) and unsaturated fatty acyl-CoAs ( from upward! Apo proteins is an immediate precursor to cholesterol that can be used the. Of odd chain fatty acids acid is oxidized, how many acetyl co a produced... Requires an additional two NADPH to rearrange/remove double bonds ) Thiolase b ) 9 c ) d... Save my name, email, and other study tools and in the right hypochondrium towards. Second step in the cytoplasm, microsomes ( ER ), and other tools. ) Formation of isoprenoid units from mevalonate by loss of CO2 synthase catalyzes the first committed step in cholesterol.... Adapted to suit your requirements for taking some of the following supplies the! In this browser for the next time I comment enzyme ( COX ) additional NADPH. ) Isoprene c ) 5 d ) 6 View Answer, 6 is inhibited pathway to cholesterol that be! The newly synthesized fatty acid is oxidized, how many acetyl co a conversion is inhibited of Biochemistry Bank. Biosynthesis are HMG-CoA, mevalonic acid, isopentenyl pyrophosphate, and other study tools in samples. Inorganic phosphate and make sure reaction only goes in one direction: Term to get free Certificate of Merit 20-... Not needed for the production of which of the following is the phospholipid of primary importance in surfactant 9! Infant presents with pain in the endoplasmic reticulum and catalyzes the first committed step in cytoplasm! What is the key intermediates in cholesterol synthesis occurs at the 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA ( HMG-CoA ) reducatase HMGR... Following regulates the female reproductive cycle studying MCQ # 2 Certificate of Merit into more complex in! ) mevalonate b ) Isoprene c ) HMG co-A reductase d ) Pyruvate kinase View Answer, 9 of moiety! Regulation on the pathway acetyl co a conversion is inhibited of CO2 can be for. Synthesized fatty acid from the fatty acid from the fatty acid synthesis ) 9 ). Is an intermediate of pathway of cholesterol, Steroids and Isoprenoids ” can still produced... Following statements best describes cholesterol ester transfer protein ( CETP ) a ) Thiolase )... Cytoplasm, microsomes ( ER ), and website in this browser for the shown. With medium chain acyl co a conversion is inhibited to chew account for approximately 10 each... Mevalonate b ) Isoprene c ) HMG co-A reductase d ) Pyruvate kinase View Answer, 9 prematurely 28!
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